5 ways to reduce everyday exposure to 'forever chemicals'

PFAS, or 'forever chemicals,' are pervasive in U.S. drinking water, food, and consumer products like nonstick pans and raincoats, according to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Nearly all Americans have detectable levels of these chemicals in their blood, which are linked to health issues such as certain cancers. Megan Romano, an epidemiologist at Dartmouth, notes that while PFAS have useful properties for industry, their persistence in the environment and human body makes them toxic. The U.S. Geological Survey found PFAS in nearly half of the nation’s tap water systems, with public water utilities required to test for contamination by 2027 under EPA regulations. Residents can check their local water utility’s reports or use interactive maps from the EPA and Environmental Working Group to assess PFAS levels in their area. Private well owners may need to conduct independent testing, as state programs sometimes assist with costs. Reducing PFAS exposure is difficult but possible, with studies showing that lowering exposure can decrease body levels over time. Simple steps include choosing third-party-tested PFAS-free products, avoiding nonstick cookware, and filtering drinking water if contamination is confirmed. The EPA provides guidelines for safe PFAS levels, and the CDC offers tools to evaluate personal exposure risks based on water test results. While eliminating all PFAS sources is unrealistic, experts emphasize that even small changes can help. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine highlight the need for further research to identify key exposure pathways, particularly in food and water. Until then, public awareness and proactive testing remain critical tools for minimizing health risks.