‘Hazardous’ heat could put World Cup players’ health and performance at risk, report warns

The 2026 World Cup, set to take place across 16 cities in Canada, the US, and Mexico, faces heightened risks from extreme heat due to climate change, according to a new report by World Weather Attribution (WWA). Since 1994, half of human-induced climate change has occurred, increasing the likelihood of dangerous heat conditions during the tournament. The US has already experienced its hottest 12-month period on record, raising concerns for player and spectator safety. WWA analysts warn that the risk of extreme heat has doubled at some venues compared to 1994, with around a quarter of matches expected to exceed 26°C Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT). This metric accounts for temperature, humidity, wind, and sunlight to assess heat stress on the human body. Dr Chris Mullington, a consultant anaesthetist, explains that high humidity impairs sweat evaporation, the body’s primary cooling mechanism, making conditions like 30°C with strong sun and little wind far more hazardous than dry, breezy conditions. To mitigate risks, organizers have introduced mandatory three-minute hydration breaks midway through each half, splitting matches into quarters. However, five games could still be played in 28°C heat—a level FIFPRO considers unsafe—while FIFA only advises postponement above 32°C WBGT. Dr Mullington highlights that temperatures above 28°C increase the risk of heat stroke, a life-threatening condition, particularly for older individuals and those with pre-existing medical issues. The report also notes that variable climate conditions across venues may challenge players’ ability to adapt, as they will face differing heat levels throughout the tournament. While safety measures aim to reduce risks, fans and players alike could still endure hazardous temperatures during outdoor events.