India’s heat map turns alarming: What 45°C+ temperatures mean for the economy, people
India is experiencing severe heatwaves with temperatures above 45°C, posing significant economic risks, including 2.5-4.5% GDP loss by 2030 and 34 million jobs lost due to heat exposure. The country's power grid, largely dependent on coal, faces a 'cooling trap' as increased air conditioning demand exacerbates emissions and heat.
India's north and central regions, including Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, have recorded temperatures above 45°C, with some areas nearing 47°C. Projections indicate significant economic risks: 2.5-4.5% GDP loss by 2030, $150-250 billion annual economic losses, and 34 million jobs lost. Rising temperatures are driving air conditioning demand, with 130-150 million new units expected by 2035, potentially adding 180 GW of peak electricity demand. India's coal-dependent power grid faces a 'cooling trap', where increased AC usage worsens emissions and heat. To mitigate this, India must expand renewable energy, redesign cities for heat mitigation, and improve labor protections.
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