SpaceX's historic IPO plans: Billions in losses and Musk's massive ownership

SpaceX has submitted its official IPO filing to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), setting the stage for a Nasdaq listing under the ticker symbol SPCX as early as next month. Goldman Sachs is leading the underwriting effort, joined by Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Citigroup, and JPMorgan Chase. The filing follows a confidential submission in April, with a roadshow to market the deal scheduled to begin June 8. Founded in 2002 by Elon Musk, SpaceX has grown into a key player in aerospace, serving as NASA’s primary launch partner after the space shuttle program ended in 2011. Beyond rockets, the company operates Starlink, a satellite internet service with over 10,000 satellites in orbit, and xAI, Musk’s AI venture, which previously acquired Twitter (now X). The IPO comes after SpaceX’s valuation surged to $1.25 trillion following its merger with xAI, meaning new investors will enter at a historically high price. This move positions Musk to lead two trillion-dollar public companies—SpaceX and Tesla—if the offering proceeds as planned. Follow-up SEC filings will detail the share pricing range and ownership structure, including top shareholders. Analysts note this could be the first of three major tech IPOs this year, with OpenAI and Anthropic also eyeing public listings. SpaceX’s prospectus confirms its expansion into AI, defense contracts, and global satellite infrastructure, reinforcing its role as a cornerstone of modern space and tech innovation.