The rise of 'income stacking': Why Gen Z is juggling multiple jobs

Timeka Gomillion, a 35-year-old computer engineering student at the University of the District of Columbia, balances two jobs—an usher at an event space and a receptionist at the student center—while pursuing her degree. She cites financial necessity as the reason for juggling roles, expecting to maintain multiple jobs even after securing a full-time career position. Rising living expenses have driven this trend, with Gomillion stating that extra income provides both savings and discretionary funds. Income stacking, or holding multiple jobs, has surged in the U.S. after declining during the coronavirus pandemic. Bureau of Labor Statistics data from April 2025 shows 8.4 million adults, or 5.2% of the workforce, worked multiple jobs—a rebound from historic lows during the pandemic. Andrew Garin, assistant professor of economics at Carnegie Mellon University’s Heinz College, notes the shift reflects broader economic instability. Platforms like DoorDash, Uber, Fiverr, Upwork, and TaskRabbit have enabled workers to earn extra income through delivery, freelance gigs, and odd jobs. Gen Z, in particular, views multiple income streams as essential for financial security, according to a 2025 Fiverr survey. Among 5,001 Gen Z respondents, 64% said diversified earnings are critical, while 55% believe traditional employment may become obsolete. Concerns over artificial intelligence and job market volatility have further pushed workers toward side hustles as backup income. For some, like 19-year-old Aidan Hoo, a computer science student at Northern Virginia Community College, multiple jobs also serve as skill-building opportunities. Hoo works three gigs as an audiovisual and broadcast technician, using the experience to pay for college and learn new tools. Despite securing a scholarship leading to a full-time Defense Department role post-graduation, he plans to continue freelance work to expand his expertise. Experts suggest employers should encourage transparency about side hustles rather than policing them. Paul Wolfe, a former chief HR officer, advises open communication to address potential conflicts while recognizing that additional jobs can enhance skills. The trend underscores a shift toward financial resilience in an uncertain job market, with technology enabling new avenues for supplemental income.